Merge pull request '[Backend] Backtest Engine - Historical Data Replay' (#18) from fix/issue-7 into main

Implements issue #7 - Backtest Engine for historical strategy testing.

Changes:
- Created AveCloudClient for fetching klines from AVE Cloud Data API
- Implemented BacktestEngine with condition matching (price_drop, price_rise, volume_spike, price_level)
- Implemented signal generation and portfolio simulation
- Calculates metrics: total_return, win_rate, max_drawdown, sharpe_ratio, total_trades
- Implemented async/background backtest execution via FastAPI BackgroundTasks
- Stores results in backtests table and signals table
- All backtest API endpoints with JWT auth and ownership validation

API Endpoints:
- POST /api/bots/{id}/backtest - Start backtest
- GET /api/bots/{id}/backtest/{run_id} - Get status/results
- GET /api/bots/{id}/backtests - List all backtests
- POST /api/bots/{id}/backtest/{run_id}/stop - Stop running backtest

src/backend/app/api/backtest.py

@@ -1,36 +1,219 @@
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status
+import uuid
+import asyncio
+from datetime import datetime
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, status, BackgroundTasks
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
-from typing import List
+from typing import List, Dict, Any, Optional
+from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
 
+from .auth import get_current_user
 from ..core.database import get_db
+from ..core.config import get_settings
 from ..db.schemas import BacktestCreate, BacktestResponse
+from ..db.models import Bot, Backtest, Signal, User
 
 router = APIRouter()
 
+running_backtests: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+executor = ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=4)
 
-@router.post("/bots/{bot_id}/backtest", response_model=BacktestResponse)
-def start_backtest(bot_id: str, config: BacktestCreate, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
-    raise HTTPException(
-        status_code=status.HTTP_501_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, detail="Not implemented"
+
+def run_backtest_sync(
+    backtest_id: str, db_url: str, bot_id: str, config: Dict[str, Any]
+):
+    import asyncio
+    from ..services.backtest.engine import BacktestEngine
+    from ..core.database import SessionLocal
+
+    async def _run():
+        engine = BacktestEngine(config)
+        engine.run_id = backtest_id
+        running_backtests[backtest_id] = engine
+        try:
+            results = await engine.run()
+            db = SessionLocal()
+            try:
+                backtest = db.query(Backtest).filter(Backtest.id == backtest_id).first()
+                if backtest:
+                    backtest.status = engine.status
+                    backtest.ended_at = datetime.utcnow()
+                    backtest.result = results
+                    db.commit()
+
+                for signal in engine.signals:
+                    db_signal = Signal(
+                        id=signal["id"],
+                        bot_id=signal["bot_id"],
+                        run_id=signal["run_id"],
+                        signal_type=signal["signal_type"],
+                        token=signal["token"],
+                        price=signal["price"],
+                        confidence=signal.get("confidence"),
+                        reasoning=signal.get("reasoning"),
+                        executed=signal.get("executed", False),
+                        created_at=signal["created_at"],
+                    )
+                    db.add(db_signal)
+                db.commit()
+            finally:
+                db.close()
+        finally:
+            if backtest_id in running_backtests:
+                del running_backtests[backtest_id]
+
+    asyncio.run(_run())
+
+
+@router.post(
+    "/bots/{bot_id}/backtest",
+    response_model=BacktestResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
+async def start_backtest(
+    bot_id: str,
+    config: BacktestCreate,
+    background_tasks: BackgroundTasks,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    bot = db.query(Bot).filter(Bot.id == bot_id).first()
+    if not bot:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Bot not found"
+        )
+    if bot.user_id != current_user.id:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="Not authorized"
+        )
+
+    settings = get_settings()
+    backtest_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+    backtest_config = {
+        "bot_id": bot_id,
+        "token": config.token,
+        "chain": config.chain,
+        "timeframe": config.timeframe,
+        "start_date": config.start_date,
+        "end_date": config.end_date,
+        "strategy_config": bot.strategy_config,
+        "ave_api_key": settings.AVE_API_KEY,
+        "ave_api_plan": settings.AVE_API_PLAN,
+        "initial_balance": 10000.0,
+    }
+
+    backtest = Backtest(
+        id=backtest_id,
+        bot_id=bot_id,
+        started_at=datetime.utcnow(),
+        status="running",
+        config={
+            "token": config.token,
+            "chain": config.chain,
+            "timeframe": config.timeframe,
+            "start_date": config.start_date,
+            "end_date": config.end_date,
+        },
     )
+    db.add(backtest)
+    db.commit()
+    db.refresh(backtest)
+
+    db_url = str(settings.DATABASE_URL)
+    background_tasks.add_task(
+        run_backtest_sync, backtest_id, db_url, bot_id, backtest_config
+    )
+
+    return backtest
 
 
 @router.get("/bots/{bot_id}/backtest/{run_id}", response_model=BacktestResponse)
-def get_backtest(bot_id: str, run_id: str, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
-    raise HTTPException(
-        status_code=status.HTTP_501_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, detail="Not implemented"
+def get_backtest(
+    bot_id: str,
+    run_id: str,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    bot = db.query(Bot).filter(Bot.id == bot_id).first()
+    if not bot:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Bot not found"
+        )
+    if bot.user_id != current_user.id:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="Not authorized"
+        )
+
+    backtest = (
+        db.query(Backtest)
+        .filter(Backtest.id == run_id, Backtest.bot_id == bot_id)
+        .first()
     )
+    if not backtest:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Backtest not found"
+        )
+
+    return backtest
 
 
 @router.get("/bots/{bot_id}/backtests", response_model=List[BacktestResponse])
-def list_backtests(bot_id: str, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
-    raise HTTPException(
-        status_code=status.HTTP_501_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, detail="Not implemented"
+def list_backtests(
+    bot_id: str,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    bot = db.query(Bot).filter(Bot.id == bot_id).first()
+    if not bot:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Bot not found"
+        )
+    if bot.user_id != current_user.id:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="Not authorized"
+        )
+
+    backtests = (
+        db.query(Backtest)
+        .filter(Backtest.bot_id == bot_id)
+        .order_by(Backtest.started_at.desc())
+        .all()
     )
+    return backtests
 
 
 @router.post("/bots/{bot_id}/backtest/{run_id}/stop")
-def stop_backtest(bot_id: str, run_id: str, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
-    raise HTTPException(
-        status_code=status.HTTP_501_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, detail="Not implemented"
+def stop_backtest(
+    bot_id: str,
+    run_id: str,
+    current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
+    db: Session = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    bot = db.query(Bot).filter(Bot.id == bot_id).first()
+    if not bot:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Bot not found"
+        )
+    if bot.user_id != current_user.id:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="Not authorized"
+        )
+
+    backtest = (
+        db.query(Backtest)
+        .filter(Backtest.id == run_id, Backtest.bot_id == bot_id)
+        .first()
     )
+    if not backtest:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="Backtest not found"
+        )
+
+    if run_id in running_backtests:
+        engine = running_backtests[run_id]
+        asyncio.create_task(engine.stop())
+        backtest.status = "stopped"
+        backtest.ended_at = datetime.utcnow()
+        db.commit()
+
+    return {"status": "stopping", "run_id": run_id}

src/backend/app/services/backtest/ave_client.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import httpx
+from typing import List, Dict, Any, Optional
+from datetime import datetime
+
+
+class AveCloudClient:
+    BASE_URL = "https://prod.ave-api.com"
+
+    def __init__(self, api_key: str, plan: str = "free"):
+        self.api_key = api_key
+        self.plan = plan
+
+    def _headers(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        return {"X-API-KEY": self.api_key}
+
+    async def get_klines(
+        self,
+        token_id: str,
+        interval: str = "1h",
+        limit: int = 100,
+        start_time: Optional[int] = None,
+        end_time: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        url = f"{self.BASE_URL}/v2/klines/token/{token_id}"
+        params = {"interval": interval, "limit": limit}
+        if start_time:
+            params["start_time"] = start_time
+        if end_time:
+            params["end_time"] = end_time
+
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
+            response = await client.get(
+                url, headers=self._headers(), params=params, timeout=30.0
+            )
+            response.raise_for_status()
+            data = response.json()
+            if data.get("status") == 200:
+                return data.get("data", [])
+            raise Exception(f"Failed to fetch klines: {data}")
+
+    async def get_token_price(self, token_id: str) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        url = f"{self.BASE_URL}/v2/tokens/price"
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
+            response = await client.post(
+                url,
+                headers=self._headers(),
+                json={"token_ids": [token_id]},
+                timeout=30.0,
+            )
+            response.raise_for_status()
+            data = response.json()
+            if data.get("status") == 200:
+                prices = data.get("data", {})
+                return prices.get(token_id)
+            return None
+
+    async def get_batch_prices(self, token_ids: List[str]) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]:
+        url = f"{self.BASE_URL}/v2/tokens/price"
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
+            response = await client.post(
+                url,
+                headers=self._headers(),
+                json={"token_ids": token_ids},
+                timeout=30.0,
+            )
+            response.raise_for_status()
+            data = response.json()
+            if data.get("status") == 200:
+                return data.get("data", {})
+            return {}

src/backend/app/services/backtest/engine.py

@@ -1,15 +1,324 @@
-from typing import Optional, Dict, Any
+import uuid
+import asyncio
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Dict, Any, List, Optional
+from .ave_client import AveCloudClient
 
 
 class BacktestEngine:
     def __init__(self, config: Dict[str, Any]):
         self.config = config
+        self.run_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        self.status = "pending"
+        self.results: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
+        self.signals: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+        self.ave_client = AveCloudClient(
+            api_key=config.get("ave_api_key", ""),
+            plan=config.get("ave_api_plan", "free"),
+        )
+        self.bot_id = config.get("bot_id")
+        self.strategy_config = config.get("strategy_config", {})
+        self.conditions = self.strategy_config.get("conditions", [])
+        self.actions = self.strategy_config.get("actions", [])
+        self.initial_balance = config.get("initial_balance", 10000.0)
+        self.current_balance = self.initial_balance
+        self.position = 0.0
+        self.position_token = ""
+        self.trades: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
+        self.running = False
 
     async def run(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-        raise NotImplementedError("Backtest engine not yet implemented")
+        self.running = True
+        self.status = "running"
+        started_at = datetime.utcnow()
+
+        try:
+            token = self.config.get("token", "")
+            chain = self.config.get("chain", "bsc")
+            timeframe = self.config.get("timeframe", "1h")
+            start_date = self.config.get("start_date", "")
+            end_date = self.config.get("end_date", "")
+
+            token_id = (
+                f"{token}-{chain}"
+                if token and not token.endswith(f"-{chain}")
+                else token
+            )
+
+            if not token_id or token_id == f"-{chain}":
+                raise ValueError("Token ID is required")
+
+            start_ts = None
+            end_ts = None
+            if start_date:
+                start_ts = int(
+                    datetime.fromisoformat(
+                        start_date.replace("Z", "+00:00")
+                    ).timestamp()
+                    * 1000
+                )
+            if end_date:
+                end_ts = int(
+                    datetime.fromisoformat(end_date.replace("Z", "+00:00")).timestamp()
+                    * 1000
+                )
+
+            klines = await self.ave_client.get_klines(
+                token_id=token_id,
+                interval=timeframe,
+                limit=1000,
+                start_time=start_ts,
+                end_time=end_ts,
+            )
+
+            if not klines:
+                self.status = "failed"
+                self.results = {"error": "No kline data available"}
+                return self.results
+
+            await self._process_klines(klines)
+            self._calculate_metrics()
+            self.status = "completed"
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.status = "failed"
+            self.results = {"error": str(e)}
+
+        ended_at = datetime.utcnow()
+        self.results = self.results or {}
+        self.results["started_at"] = started_at
+        self.results["ended_at"] = ended_at
+        self.results["duration_seconds"] = (ended_at - started_at).total_seconds()
+
+        return self.results
+
+    async def _process_klines(self, klines: List[Dict[str, Any]]):
+        for i, kline in enumerate(klines):
+            if not self.running:
+                break
+
+            price = float(kline.get("close", 0))
+            if price <= 0:
+                continue
+
+            timestamp = kline.get("timestamp", 0)
+
+            for condition in self.conditions:
+                if self._check_condition(condition, klines, i, price):
+                    await self._execute_actions(price, timestamp, condition)
+                    break
+
+    def _check_condition(
+        self,
+        condition: Dict[str, Any],
+        klines: List[Dict[str, Any]],
+        current_idx: int,
+        current_price: float,
+    ) -> bool:
+        cond_type = condition.get("type", "")
+        threshold = condition.get("threshold", 0)
+        timeframe = condition.get("timeframe", "1h")
+        price_level = condition.get("price")
+        direction = condition.get("direction", "above")
+
+        if cond_type == "price_drop":
+            if current_idx == 0:
+                return False
+            prev_price = float(klines[current_idx - 1].get("close", 0))
+            if prev_price <= 0:
+                return False
+            drop_pct = ((prev_price - current_price) / prev_price) * 100
+            return drop_pct >= threshold
+
+        elif cond_type == "price_rise":
+            if current_idx == 0:
+                return False
+            prev_price = float(klines[current_idx - 1].get("close", 0))
+            if prev_price <= 0:
+                return False
+            rise_pct = ((current_price - prev_price) / prev_price) * 100
+            return rise_pct >= threshold
+
+        elif cond_type == "volume_spike":
+            if current_idx == 0:
+                return False
+            prev_volume = float(klines[current_idx - 1].get("volume", 0))
+            current_volume = float(kline.get("volume", 0))
+            if prev_volume <= 0:
+                return False
+            volume_increase = ((current_volume - prev_volume) / prev_volume) * 100
+            return volume_increase >= threshold
+
+        elif cond_type == "price_level":
+            if price_level is None:
+                return False
+            if direction == "above":
+                return current_price > price_level
+            else:
+                return current_price < price_level
+
+        return False
+
+    async def _execute_actions(
+        self, price: float, timestamp: int, matched_condition: Dict[str, Any]
+    ):
+        token = matched_condition.get("token", self.config.get("token", ""))
+
+        for action in self.actions:
+            action_type = action.get("type", "")
+            amount_percent = action.get("amount_percent", 10)
+            amount = self.current_balance * (amount_percent / 100)
+
+            if action_type == "buy" and self.current_balance >= amount:
+                self.position += amount / price
+                self.current_balance -= amount
+                self.position_token = token
+                self.trades.append(
+                    {
+                        "type": "buy",
+                        "token": token,
+                        "price": price,
+                        "amount": amount,
+                        "quantity": amount / price,
+                        "timestamp": timestamp,
+                    }
+                )
+                self.signals.append(
+                    {
+                        "id": str(uuid.uuid4()),
+                        "bot_id": self.bot_id,
+                        "run_id": self.run_id,
+                        "signal_type": "buy",
+                        "token": token,
+                        "price": price,
+                        "confidence": 0.8,
+                        "reasoning": f"Condition {matched_condition.get('type')} triggered buy",
+                        "executed": False,
+                        "created_at": datetime.utcnow(),
+                    }
+                )
+
+            elif action_type == "sell" and self.position > 0:
+                sell_amount = self.position * price
+                self.current_balance += sell_amount
+                self.trades.append(
+                    {
+                        "type": "sell",
+                        "token": self.position_token,
+                        "price": price,
+                        "amount": sell_amount,
+                        "quantity": self.position,
+                        "timestamp": timestamp,
+                    }
+                )
+                self.position = 0
+                self.signals.append(
+                    {
+                        "id": str(uuid.uuid4()),
+                        "bot_id": self.bot_id,
+                        "run_id": self.run_id,
+                        "signal_type": "sell",
+                        "token": self.position_token,
+                        "price": price,
+                        "confidence": 0.8,
+                        "reasoning": f"Condition {matched_condition.get('type')} triggered sell",
+                        "executed": False,
+                        "created_at": datetime.utcnow(),
+                    }
+                )
+
+    def _calculate_metrics(self):
+        final_balance = self.current_balance + (
+            self.position * self.trades[-1]["price"]
+            if self.trades and self.position > 0
+            else 0
+        )
+        total_return = (
+            (final_balance - self.initial_balance) / self.initial_balance
+        ) * 100
+
+        buy_trades = [t for t in self.trades if t["type"] == "buy"]
+        sell_trades = [t for t in self.trades if t["type"] == "sell"]
+        total_trades = len(buy_trades) + len(sell_trades)
+
+        winning_trades = 0
+        for i, trade in enumerate(sell_trades):
+            if i < len(buy_trades):
+                buy_price = buy_trades[i]["price"]
+                sell_price = trade["price"]
+                if sell_price > buy_price:
+                    winning_trades += 1
+
+        win_rate = (winning_trades / len(sell_trades) * 100) if sell_trades else 0
+
+        portfolio_values = []
+        running_balance = self.initial_balance
+        running_position = 0.0
+        current_token = ""
+        last_price = 0.0
+
+        for trade in self.trades:
+            if trade["type"] == "buy":
+                running_position = trade["quantity"]
+                running_balance = trade["amount"]
+                current_token = trade["token"]
+                last_price = trade["price"]
+            else:
+                running_balance = trade["amount"]
+                running_position = 0
+                last_price = trade["price"]
+
+            portfolio_value = running_balance + (running_position * last_price)
+            portfolio_values.append(portfolio_value)
+
+        max_value = self.initial_balance
+        max_drawdown = 0.0
+        for value in portfolio_values:
+            if value > max_value:
+                max_value = value
+            drawdown = ((max_value - value) / max_value) * 100
+            if drawdown > max_drawdown:
+                max_drawdown = drawdown
+
+        sharpe_ratio = 0.0
+        if len(portfolio_values) > 1:
+            returns = []
+            for i in range(1, len(portfolio_values)):
+                ret = (
+                    portfolio_values[i] - portfolio_values[i - 1]
+                ) / portfolio_values[i - 1]
+                returns.append(ret)
+            if returns:
+                avg_return = sum(returns) / len(returns)
+                variance = sum((r - avg_return) ** 2 for r in returns) / len(returns)
+                std_dev = variance**0.5
+                if std_dev > 0:
+                    sharpe_ratio = avg_return / std_dev
+
+        buy_signals = len(buy_trades)
+        sell_signals = len(sell_trades)
+
+        self.results = {
+            "total_return": round(total_return, 2),
+            "win_rate": round(win_rate, 2),
+            "total_trades": total_trades,
+            "buy_signals": buy_signals,
+            "sell_signals": sell_signals,
+            "max_drawdown": round(max_drawdown, 2),
+            "sharpe_ratio": round(sharpe_ratio, 2),
+            "final_balance": round(final_balance, 2),
+            "signals": self.signals,
+        }
 
     async def stop(self):
-        raise NotImplementedError("Backtest stop not yet implemented")
+        self.running = False
+        self.status = "stopped"
+        self._calculate_metrics()
 
     def get_results(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
-        raise NotImplementedError("Backtest results not yet implemented")
+        return {
+            "id": self.run_id,
+            "status": self.status,
+            "results": self.results,
+            "signals": self.signals,
+        }